Editing Emerging technologies, emerging markets – fostering the innovation potential of research infrastructures

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Underwater Unmanned Autonomous Vehicles (gliders and other UAVs) are commonly used by oceanographers for research and monitoring of the physical and biogeochemical characteristics of the first 1000m of the ocean. The recently created GOOS program called “OceanGliders” (current web domain is http://www.ego-network.org) is gathering the major part of the worldwide gliders fleet and focuses its activity on the sustainable measurements of five Essential Ocean Variables (EOVs): temperature, salinity, chlorophyll a, oxygen and Coloured Dissolved Organic Matter (CDOM). Unless only these parameters are part of the network, many other sensors have been developed, integrated, tested and operationally deployed on AUVs such as passive acoustics, ADCP (current sensor), turbulence, hydrocarbonic sensor, nutrients, pH etc. Currently these sensors are not integrated in the network mainly for harmonized data management reasons but also because the technology is sporadically used by the community. The increasing capacities of gliders (depth, endurance and payload) and the relatively low cost of the technology, make it a very interesting tool for marine and maritime industries. Ocean gliders naturally complement existing elements of the GOOS with their utility on the continental slopes, ability to complete repeat surveys and resolve mesoscale oceanographic features such as fronts.
 
Underwater Unmanned Autonomous Vehicles (gliders and other UAVs) are commonly used by oceanographers for research and monitoring of the physical and biogeochemical characteristics of the first 1000m of the ocean. The recently created GOOS program called “OceanGliders” (current web domain is http://www.ego-network.org) is gathering the major part of the worldwide gliders fleet and focuses its activity on the sustainable measurements of five Essential Ocean Variables (EOVs): temperature, salinity, chlorophyll a, oxygen and Coloured Dissolved Organic Matter (CDOM). Unless only these parameters are part of the network, many other sensors have been developed, integrated, tested and operationally deployed on AUVs such as passive acoustics, ADCP (current sensor), turbulence, hydrocarbonic sensor, nutrients, pH etc. Currently these sensors are not integrated in the network mainly for harmonized data management reasons but also because the technology is sporadically used by the community. The increasing capacities of gliders (depth, endurance and payload) and the relatively low cost of the technology, make it a very interesting tool for marine and maritime industries. Ocean gliders naturally complement existing elements of the GOOS with their utility on the continental slopes, ability to complete repeat surveys and resolve mesoscale oceanographic features such as fronts.
  
<div class="figure" id="figure7"><gallery>
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FIGURE 7 DRONES FOR UNDERWATER MEASUREMENTS: (A) SEA EXPLORER, (B) SEAGLIDER
File:ENVRIplus D1.1-Fig. 7A-Drones for underwater measurements, (A) Sea explorer, (B) Seaglider.png|(A) Sea explorer
 
File:ENVRIplus D1.1-Fig. 7B-Drones for underwater measurements, (A) Sea explorer, (B) Seaglider.png|(B) Seaglider]]
 
</gallery>
 
 
 
Figure 7: Drones for underwater measurements</div>
 
  
 
The European Glider Network is composed of about 100 platforms that are deployed in the Atlantic, Mediterranean Sea and Baltic Sea. It is important to precise that some of the European gliders are also deployed in non-European region for specific research purposes. The European Glider Network will certainly keep growing as many “new” laboratories are currently purchasing platforms (Ireland and Sweden for example).
 
The European Glider Network is composed of about 100 platforms that are deployed in the Atlantic, Mediterranean Sea and Baltic Sea. It is important to precise that some of the European gliders are also deployed in non-European region for specific research purposes. The European Glider Network will certainly keep growing as many “new” laboratories are currently purchasing platforms (Ireland and Sweden for example).

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